Improvement in lamp-chimneys



N4 PETERS. PHOTUUTHDGRAFHER, WASHINGTON. D. C.

2 Sheets-'Sheet 2. HLN. EAGLE.`

y Lamp Chimney. y No. 98,937. f u Patented Jan.'18, 1870.

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N- PETERS, PHOTO-LITNOGRAPHER. WASHXNGYCN. DV C.

Toall whom it may concern initiiert geist/et @anni (tithe. i

. Letters Patent No. 498,937,

dated January 18, 1870.

IMPROVEMENT IN LAMR-GHIMNEYS.

The Schedule referred to in these Lettera Patent and making part of the same.

Be it known that LVROBERT N. EAGLE, of Washington, in the District of Columbia, have invented new and useful Improvements in Lamp-Chimneys; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description'of the same, reference beinghad to the annexed drawing, making part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a side elevation of a chimney.

Figure 2 is a section on the line :lo-x of lig. 1.

Figure 3 is a section on the line {1l-y of fig. 1.

Figure 4 is a vertical section on the line z-z of iig. 1.

Figures `5,6, 7, and 8,'are corresponding views and sections of another chimney, slightly modified in form, and having a reflector attached to the surface of the chimney.

The sameletters in all the figures indicate identical parts. i 4My improved chimney sespecially adapted for use on the various kinds of`lainps burning the kerosene oils, 8vo; and

My invention consists in several peculiarities of form to be hereinafter specific-ally indicated, intended to pro; duce a more intense combustion, and, at the same time, diminish the danger of fracture by the action of the heat ofthe llame also, in the manner of attaching, to the surface of the chimney, a reflector upon one side, to increase the amount of light thrown upon an obje'ct.

In the annexed drawings, I have represented a chimney especially designed for use upon burners of the classproperly known as the sun or comet-burners, and other burners of analogous construction.

A is the base, which rests upon the chimney-holder of ,thef burner, and is designed to lit the delle-ctng-plate of such burners.

The throat is formed by the convergence of the sides, as clearly shown in the drawings, and it may he elliptical or elongated, as shown at B in ligs. (i and 7, but I prefer to widen it upon-the sides of Vthe throat, as clearly shown in figs. 2 and 3, at b l), to allow a greater current of air to ascend at the sides of the flame.

Recesses are formed on the inside of the chimney, at a a,'at opposite points, and in line with the dat ame, which are designed to receive spring-points attached to the burner, to hold the chimney in proper position on the burner, and to serve as guides in so attaching the chimney, as to insure its propel' position in relation to the llame.'

The lower portion of the chimney I will designate as the flame or combustion-chamber, as it is intended to enclose the flame. It is flattened, the sides being nearly vertical and parallel, as shown in fi g. 8, or slightly convex, as shown in lig. 4. The edges are curved outward, as shown in liga-1 and 5,.forrning pockets at c c, which are designed, by presenting a body of comparatively 'inert air, to protect the chimney against the action` ofthe upper corners of the llame, as the circulation of the air through these pockets will be impeded. Ihe upper portion of the chimney I will designate as the air-chamber; it is indicated by the letter I), in

thedrawings. This air-chamber begins at or near the upper edge of the dame, and lies above the dame. It

is formed by curving thersides outwardly from the top of the dame-chamber O, so as to make the bulkiest part of the chimney entirely above the dame.

The diameter of the elliptical body of the chimney is increased both on the conjugate and'transverse axis, but the greatest increase isin the length of the transverse axis, as will be seen by comparing figs. 1 and 5 with figs. 4 and 8. The eiect of this increase. is to reverse the form ofthe ordinary flattened chimney, and to give it the appearance of being turned upside'down.v The purpose of this enlargement above is to relieve the chimney from the effect of the heat, by retiring the portions of the glass most directly exposed to the' action of the ascending current, and thereby avoiding that irregularity of expansion which is the most frequent cause of cracking.

, The sides of the chimney form a regular curve, presentingr a convex gure on the outside, from C to D', and extending from the throat to the top of the airchamber, as shown in Iig. 4,01' extending from the top of the ame-chamber C to the top of the air-chamber I), asshown in iig. 8. v

. The air-chamber, converging' as it ascends, is terminated with a neck, E, which I shall denominate a super-gallery. This super-gallery4 is intended partly to increase the intensity of the draught, and partly to facilitate the blowing of chimneys having an elliptical mouth I having found, by experience, that such chimneys are much more easily blown with, than without this super-gallery. The form of thisportion of the chimney may be varied; it may be made with sides either vertical, concave, or convex.

l Another improvement consists in the manner of attaching the reliecting-material directly to the surface of the chimney, and upon one side, so as to throw a stronger light upon any object placed in front of the' open side. For this purpose I prefer to use silver-leaf, which may be attached to the exterior face of the chimney immediately opposite to the iiame, and covering a larger or smaller' surface, as required. This leaf may bev attached by means of size or French gelatine, and, when dry, it may be overlaid with one or a snccession of layers of silver-leaf or tin-foil, similarly superimposed, and then the whole covered by a coating of iire-proof paint or lacquer. I use, for this purpose,

what is known as the water-proof enamel chemical paint, manufactured under the patent of Robert Levi,

of September 8, A. D. 1868, and have found that it answers quite'well.

I do not, however, claim all forms of reflectors, for

the surface of the glass itself, in many chimneys, op

erates to reflect rays of' light; also reflectors of various materials, such as metal, glass, Sto., are in common use, which are applied or secured by various means to the lamp; nor do I larn, broadly, for reflecting-substances attached in'any manner to the sur face ot' glassv globes, shades, or chimneys, for I am aware that applications have heretofore been made for Letters Patent, in some of which a film of silver-leaf Iis spoken of as being attached to the surface of globes or shades, by a coating of a refractory paint or varnish, but no particular composition has been indicated as fitted for this purpose; A film of silver-leaf might be sufciently protected by a composition to withstand the low heat of a globe, which would be entirely inadequate for protecting. it upon a chimney, and particularly a flat or elliptical chimney, such' as 1 propose to use, in which the metallic leaf is brought into very close proximity to the flame of the lamp; and I know of no case in which such a film has been attached to a chimney bya coating of paint or lacquer, sufficiently `refractory to sustain the heat of the flat-wick lamps for burning kerosene, Sac., in connnon use. I have, however, ascertained, by a long course of experiments, that the substance herenbefore mentioned, possesses the peculiar combination of properties required, both for sustaining the high degree of heat, and `for protecting the film of foil from being rubbed off or affected by the water used in washing the chimney.

' What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A lamp-chimney, with recesses a a formed in the base of the chimney, in aline with the flat flame of the lamp, to serve as a guide in attaching the chimney, and for the purpose 'of receiving spring-points to 4. A lamp-chimney, the body of which is formed with a flame-chamber, C, anda superimposed enlarged air-chamber, D, substantially as set forth.

5. Alamp-chimney, combining, in its construction, a cylindrical base, a flattened and vertically-elongated body, contracted above, and concludingwith an elliptical extension, E, forming the mouth, substantially as set forth. f

6. A glass lamp-chimney, having attached toits eX- terior surface a thin film of foil of reecting-metal, protected by au exterior coating ofthe said refractory compound,.substantially as set forth.

7. A lamp-chimney, combining in its construction, the following elements, viz, a` cylindrical base, an elliptical elongated body, an elliptical tn'ontlnand a reflecting-surface of a metallic film, protected by refractory paint, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name, to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

,-R. N. EAGLE.

Witnesses:

R. A. FRANCK, HUGO DUMAB. 

